See preṣ on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*swéḱuros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéḱuros#Proto-Indo-European:_father-in-law"
],
[
"*sweḱrúh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sweḱrúh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaćrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swaćrúH#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaśrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Aryan/swaśrúH#Proto-Indo-Aryan:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"श्व॒श्रू",
"श्वश्रू#Sanskrit:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"श्व॒श्रू",
"श्वश्रू#Sanskrit:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaśrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Aryan/swaśrúH#Proto-Indo-Aryan:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaćrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swaćrúH#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*sweḱrúh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sweḱrúh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swéḱuros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéḱuros#Proto-Indo-European:_father-in-law"
],
[
"irpäṣ",
"irpäṣ#Kalkoti"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sa:श्व॒श्रू<id:mother-in-law>",
"id": "mother-in-law",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *swéḱuros\nProto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂\nProto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH\nProto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH\nSanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́)\nPalula preṣ\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*swaćrúH\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Aryan\", \"term\" : \"*swaśrúH\", \"lang\" : \"inc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"श्व॒श्रू\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Palula\", \"term\" : \"preṣ\", \"lang\" : \"phl\" }\" data-id=\"mother-in-law\" data-lang=\"phl\" data-title=\"preṣ\" id=\"Palula:_mother-in-law\">\nInherited from Sanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂, from *swéḱuros.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xka",
"2": "irpäṣ"
},
"expansion": "Kalkoti irpäṣ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *swéḱuros\nProto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂\nProto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH\nProto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH\nSanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́)\nPalula preṣ\nInherited from Sanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂, from *swéḱuros. Cognate with Kalkoti irpäṣ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "پریۡݜ",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "phl-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣíim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ipréṣ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pa": "پریۡݜ"
},
"expansion": "preṣ f (Arabic spelling پریۡݜ)",
"name": "phl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "i"
},
"name": "phl-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Palula",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Palula entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Palula entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Palula entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Palula entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "phl",
"name": "Female family members",
"orig": "phl:Female family members",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mother-in-law"
],
"id": "en-preṣ-phl-noun-YOzq1se-",
"links": [
[
"mother-in-law",
"mother-in-law"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/preʂ/"
}
],
"word": "preṣ"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*swéḱuros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéḱuros#Proto-Indo-European:_father-in-law"
],
[
"*sweḱrúh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sweḱrúh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaćrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swaćrúH#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaśrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Aryan/swaśrúH#Proto-Indo-Aryan:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"श्व॒श्रू",
"श्वश्रू#Sanskrit:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"श्व॒श्रू",
"श्वश्रू#Sanskrit:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaśrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Aryan/swaśrúH#Proto-Indo-Aryan:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swaćrúH",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swaćrúH#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*sweḱrúh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sweḱrúh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_mother-in-law"
],
[
"*swéḱuros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéḱuros#Proto-Indo-European:_father-in-law"
],
[
"irpäṣ",
"irpäṣ#Kalkoti"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sa:श्व॒श्रू<id:mother-in-law>",
"id": "mother-in-law",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *swéḱuros\nProto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂\nProto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH\nProto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH\nSanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́)\nPalula preṣ\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*swaćrúH\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Aryan\", \"term\" : \"*swaśrúH\", \"lang\" : \"inc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Sanskrit\", \"term\" : \"श्व॒श्रू\", \"lang\" : \"sa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Palula\", \"term\" : \"preṣ\", \"lang\" : \"phl\" }\" data-id=\"mother-in-law\" data-lang=\"phl\" data-title=\"preṣ\" id=\"Palula:_mother-in-law\">\nInherited from Sanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂, from *swéḱuros.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xka",
"2": "irpäṣ"
},
"expansion": "Kalkoti irpäṣ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *swéḱuros\nProto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂\nProto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH\nProto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH\nSanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́)\nPalula preṣ\nInherited from Sanskrit श्व॒श्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂, from *swéḱuros. Cognate with Kalkoti irpäṣ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "پریۡݜ",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "phl-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "preṣíim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ipréṣ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pa": "پریۡݜ"
},
"expansion": "preṣ f (Arabic spelling پریۡݜ)",
"name": "phl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "i"
},
"name": "phl-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Palula",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Palula entries with etymology texts",
"Palula entries with etymology trees",
"Palula entries with etymon",
"Palula entries with incorrect language header",
"Palula feminine nouns",
"Palula i-declension nouns",
"Palula lemmas",
"Palula nouns",
"Palula nouns in Latin script",
"Palula terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Palula terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Palula terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Palula terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Palula terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *swéḱuros",
"Palula terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Palula terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Palula terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Palula terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"phl:Female family members"
],
"glosses": [
"mother-in-law"
],
"links": [
[
"mother-in-law",
"mother-in-law"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/preʂ/"
}
],
"word": "preṣ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for preṣ meaning in All languages combined (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.